Why BDD
About BDD Electrolysis
BDD electrolysis, an electrochemical reaction that employs a BDD electrode as the anode, possesses considerable importance. To fully grasp the intricacies of BDD electrolysis technology, it is necessary to thoroughly understand the complexities associated with BDD electrodes.
When diamond is doped with boron, its physicochemical properties undergo significant changes. Research indicates that boron doping enhances the electrical conductivity of diamond and reduces the resistivity of boron doped diamond electrode film to a range of 0.01~100 Ω-cm. This facilitates swift electron migration during electrochemical reactions. Boron doped diamond electrode exhibits wide electrochemical window, high electrooxidation capability, low background current, and excellent chemical stability, making it an ideal electrode material.
Boromond utilizes its proprietary chemical vapor deposition (CVD) equipments to coat substrates with boron-doped diamond (BDD) films. This process involves the use of boron and mixed gases (mainly hydrogen and methane) as the primary raw materials, which are subjected to high-temperature dissociation within a low-pressure furnace. The resulting carbon and boron atoms are then deposited onto the substrate surface, enabling efficient mass production of BDD coatings.
How Do BDD Electrode Electrolysis Work? Mechanism Of Electro Oxidation Wastewater Treatment Processes
After we understand basic concept about boron doped diamond electrode electrolysis of wastewater, and fabrication processes of bdd electrode, in this section, we discuss about the machanism, that is direct and indirect oxidation processes of BDD anode to mineralize various types of recalcitrant organic compounds in complex wastewater. And why we choose boron doped diamond BDD electrode as the anode material for electrochemical oxidation reactors, electro oxidation modular units, and electro oxidation wastewater treatment equipment for trial, bench and then commercial scale electrochemical oxidation treatment of wastewater.
Direct And Indirect Oxidation Processes for Treatment Of Wastewater Via BDD Electrolysis
Introduced in 1970, electrochemical oxidation technology has gained significant attention in wastewater treatment and disinfection due to its environmentally friendly and efficient characteristics. When coupled with flocculation, biochemistry, membrane treatment, and other technologies, it offers remarkable advantages and promising prospects for complete removal and mineralization of reclatriant organic compounds from wastewater.
Utilizing BDD as the electrode anode material, electrochemical oxidation technology can effectively degrade organic compounds through direct and indirect oxidation processes. Direct oxidation involves the removal of organic matter by adsorbing organic pollutants onto the anode surface through electron transfer. This process can further be categorized into electrochemical conversion and electrochemical combustion based on the degree of oxidation.
Indirect oxidation with a boron doped diamond BDD electrode is a process that uses the electrode to generate oxidants that break down organic compounds, it involves the removal of organic pollutants by generating oxidants like highly active oxidizing agents susch as hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide, and other reactive species on the anode surface and then the surrounding areas. These oxidants can mineralize organic compounds into different types of intermediates, and eventually break them into water and inorganic matters.
Indirect oxidation processes is one of the major mechanisms with electro oxidation treatment of wastewater, and it’s critical for treatment of different types of complex wastewater and disinfection of water, therefore it’s critical to choose an electrode material that is physically and chemically stable, resistant to corrosion, endure constant operation in different current densities, voltages and various types of electrolyte, less chance of fouling.
Water molecule electorlysis processes
Water, being a polar molecule, exhibits a positive and negative end. During the process of water electrolysis, the positively charged hydrogen atoms are attracted to the negatively charged electrode (cathode), while the negatively charged oxygen atom is drawn towards the positively charged electrode (anode). As a result, the water molecules dissociate into their respective ions: hydrogen ions (H+) at the cathode and hydroxide ions (OH-) at the anode.
The water electrolysis process can be summarized by the following half-reactions:
At the cathode: 2H+ + 2e- -> H2 (hydrogen gas)
At the anode: O2 + 2H2O + 4e- -> 4OH- (oxygen gas)
OH hydroxyl radicals are recognized as one of the most potent oxidants in existence.
With unmatched oxidation power, boron doped diamond BDD electrode can maximum electrochemial genereation of reactive oxygen species such as hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide and etc., with the second highest electrochemical oxidation potential, hydroxyl radicals can mineralize a wide range of reclatriant organic compounds in a non-selective nature, those organic pollutants could be mineralized into different intermediates via four pathways, and eventually mineralized into carbon dioxide, water and inorganic matters, the minralization processes could be optimized with proper pH value, electrode surface area, and current density, temperature, electrochemical reactor cell design, pollutant concentration, conductivity and etc,.
Why choose BDD electrode
The electrochemical oxidation reaction of organic matter occurs at the interface between the electrode and solution. The choice of electrode anode material directly impacts the efficiency and selectivity of the organic mineralization process. Consequently, the development of anode materials that can economically and efficiently degrade organic wastewater has been a significant area of research in the field of electrochemical oxidation and wastewater treatment. The chart below clearly demonstrates that the boron doped diamond BDD electrode possesses an exceptionally high oxygen evolution potential and the widest electrochemical window. These characteristics make bdd electrode an ideal choice as an anode material for the effective electrochemical oxidation treatment of refractory biodegradable organic wastewater.
Under identical conditions, BDD electrode exhibits significantly superior removal efficiency, oxidation power, and lower energy consumption in organic matter mineralization proceseses while compared to conventional anode materials.
Boron doped diamond BDD electrode has higher oxidation power.
Since oxidants such as hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen peroxide and etc, are amongst those oxidants that are critical for indirect oxidation processes, it’s critical to expedite electrochemical generation of hydroxyl radicals over oxygen gas, therefore it’s immportant to choose electrode material with larger active surface area, catalytic capability to generate hydroxyl radicals, and enhancing operation parameters such as pH value, and current density, and etc to expedite electrochemical generation of hydroxyl radicals over evolution of oxygen gas, boron doped diamond electrode is selected to expedite hydroxyl radical generation in electro oxidation wastewater treatment processes.
Explore More About The Boron-Doped Diamond Solution That Boromond Offer To Advance Your Technology Develpment Now
Extensive studies have demonstrated the remarkable capability of BDD electrodes to effectively degrade various types of organic pollutants found in wastewater.
Boromond leverages high quality BDD electrodes as the basic component to develop trial scale electrochemical cells to conduct electro oxidation wastewater treatment wastewater treatability testing, and then standardized modules for on-site bench scale treatment of wastewater, up to pilot scale electro oxidation wastewater treatment equipments and systems.
Check the charts below to explore treatment results with an engineering insights, implement of boron doped diamond electrode/BDD electrode, and electro oxidation wastewater treatment products, to treat complex wastewater from industries and businesses such as pharmaceutical, pesticide, special chemical manufacturing, petrochemical, printing and dyeing, paper making, leather, food processing, landfill leachate, and other sectors dealing with complex organic wastewater that is refractory to conventional wastewater treatment methods.
BDD Electrode Range of Applications
According to the degradation and analysis of different types of water quality, it is found that the following types of wastewater can be pretreated in the early stage to reduce toxicity and improve biodegradability or degraded directly to the standard by further treatment in the later stage：
Applicable to all kinds of wastewater with strong acid pH=0 or strong base pH=14 (except fluoride ion)
The higher the salt content, the higher the conductivity and the lower the energy consumption
High concentration + high salinity wastewater (concentrate after membrane, concentrate after MVR)
Toxic wastewater containing CN-, NaN3, organophosphorus, organic sulfur, etc
All types of water defined as hazardous waste
The national discharge standard/end water production improvement is not stable for final stabilization and standard treatment.
Based on its unique advantages, BDD electrode can be used as a key link in the whole environmental process, oxidation decomposition of refractory organic matter in wastewater, combined with evaporation, membrane filtration, biochemistry, and other electrochemical technology, Finally, stable, efficient, cost-effective way to achieve long-term stable emission standard effect.
BDD Electrode Products
An ideal anode material for electrochemical oxidation treatment of difficult biodegradable organic wastewater.
Character of low resistance, good thermal diffusivity, higer Oxidating temperature and excellent character of semiconductor
An ideal anode material for electrochemical oxidation treatment of difficult biodegradable organic wastewater
BDD engineer project equipment designed based on the water sample and the site environment.
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